Tyre was in its golden age around the 10th century BCE and, in the 8th, was colonizing other sites in the area and enjoying great wealth and prosperity owing primarily to an alliance with Israel. Tyre was in its golden age around the 10th century BCE and, in the 8th, colonized other sites & enjoyed great prosperity. Tyre is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Tyre is referenced in the Bible in the New Testament where it is claimed that both Jesus and Saint Paul the Apostle visited the city and remains famous in military history for Alexander the Great's siege.
The city-state was the most powerful in all of Phoenicia after surpassing its sister state Sidon. It also gave the Phoenicians their name from the Greeks - Phoinikes - which means "purple people". This purple dye was highly valued and held royal connotations in the ancient world. The Tyrians were known as workers in dye from the shells of the Murex shellfish. Ushu became a suburb of Tyre on the mainland and remained so until the coming of Alexander the Great. During this siege, most of the inhabitants of the mainland city abandoned it for the relative safety of the island city. The prosperity of Tyre attracted the attention of King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon who lay siege to the city for 13 years in the 6th century BCE without breaking their defenses. In time, the island complex became more prosperous and populated than Ushu and was heavily fortified. 2750 BCE, and the trade center grew up shortly after. The old city, known as Ushu, was founded c. The name means 'rock' and the city consisted of two parts, the main trade center on an island, and 'old Tyre', about a half-mile opposite on the mainland. Tyre is an ancient Phoenician port city which, in myth, is known as the birthplace of Europa (who gave Europe its name) and Dido of Carthage (who gave aid to and fell in love with Aeneas of Troy).
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